For physiologic anisocoria, no treatment is needed. Health Home Conditions and Diseases. What You Need to Know Although the pupil looks like a black circle in the center of the colored part of your eye, it is actually a hole that opens and closes to let different amounts of light through to the back of the eye, depending on your environment e. Symptoms of Uneven Pupils Uneven pupil size may be noticed by the person or by a health professional during an examination.
What causes uneven pupils? On the other hand, a person whose pupils are uneven when they were normal before may be experiencing a serious problem such as: A torn or blocked blood vessel in the neck usually the result of head or neck trauma , which could cause a mildly droopy eyelid on the side of the smaller pupil. Diagnosis of Uneven Pupils When a doctor sees a patient for uneven pupil size, the first concern is to determine whether the unevenness is new or long-standing.
Paralysis palsy of the oculomotor nerve causes the affected eye to have a dilated pupil , resulting in anisocoria. If you or a family member develop symptoms of third nerve palsy, seek medical attention immediately.
Mechanical anisocoria is unequal pupil sizes from damage to the iris or its supporting structures. Causes of this type of anisocoria include:. Complications of eye surgery including cataract surgery. Aniridia a complete or partial absence of the iris of one eye. Ectopic pupil an inherited condition that causes displacement of the pupil and dislocation of the lens.
Certain glaucoma eye drop medications also can cause anisocoria, especially if they are used to treat glaucoma in just one eye.
Examples of glaucoma medications that can cause anisocoria include:. If you or someone else notices that you have unequal pupil sizes, see your eye doctor immediately — especially if you have any of the following:. If the anisocoria is minor and your pupils react normally to tests your eye doctor performs, there may be nothing to worry about.
But you should have your unequal pupils evaluated by an eye care professional or neurologist before you assume all is well. If you have anisocoria and one pupil is bigger than the other, ask your eye doctor about photochromic lenses. These eyeglass lenses will darken automatically in sunlight to reduce any light sensitivity photophobia you may be experiencing. November The prevalence of simple anisocoria. American Journal of Ophthalmology. July Adie syndrome. National Organization for Rare Diseases.
Accessed May An evaluation of pupil size standards used by police officers for detecting drug impairment. March Marijuana, alcohol, and combined drug effects on the time course of glare recovery. January Pupillary response as an age-specific measure of sexual interest. Archives of Sexual Behavior. February Sexual arousal: the correspondence of eyes and genitals. Biological Psychology.
By Gary Heiting, OD. Although usually not harmful, having a tonic pupil may lead to someone becoming miotic, or chronically having a small pupil. In cases of pathological anisocoria, medical professionals need to determine which pupil is abnormal by looking at how they react in different lights.
In the light, the pupil that is bigger is usually the abnormal pupil. In the dark, the smaller pupil is usually the abnormal pupil. If the damage is due to an underlying condition, such as uveitis or glaucoma, a doctor will develop an individualized treatment plan. The symptoms of tonic pupil often subside with glasses and a prescription for pilocarpine. The medical term for pupils of different sizes is anisocoria, and doctors categorize this into three further types, depending on the underlying cause.
Many people have very slight differences in the size of their pupils, which is usually not harmful. However, significant size differences or symptoms that come on suddenly can be a sign of dangerous health problems, including a brain aneurysm. If the pupils change suddenly or with other symptoms, such as drooping or other abnormalities, contact a doctor immediately. Learn all about optic neuritis, a condition where the optic nerve is inflamed. This article looks at the symptoms, treatments, and causes.
Marcus Gunn pupil is a condition in which vision problems affect one eye. In tests, the affected pupil will dilate more than the unaffected pupil….
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