One American dies from skin cancer every hour. Unprotected exposure to UV radiation is the most preventable risk factor for skin cancer. Melanoma, the most serious form of skin cancer, is now one of the most common cancers among adolescents and young adults ages While melanoma accounts for about three percent of skin cancer cases, it causes more than 75 percent of skin cancer deaths.
UV exposure and sunburns, particularly during childhood, are risk factors for the disease. Not all melanomas are exclusively sun-related—other possible influences include genetic factors and immune system deficiencies. Non-melanoma skin cancers are less deadly than melanomas. Nevertheless, they can spread if left untreated, causing disfigurement and more serious health problems. There are two primary types of non-melanoma skin cancers: basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas.
If caught and treated early, these two cancers are rarely fatal. Other UV-related skin disorders include actinic keratoses and premature aging of the skin. Actinic keratoses are skin growths that occur on body areas exposed to the sun.
Although premalignant, actinic keratoses are a risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma. Look for raised, reddish, rough-textured growths and seek prompt medical attention if you discover them. Chronic exposure to the sun also causes premature aging, which over time can make the skin become thick, wrinkled, and leathery.
However, up to 90 percent of the visible skin changes commonly attributed to aging are caused by the sun. With proper protection from UV radiation, most premature aging of the skin can be avoided. Cataracts are a form of eye damage in which a loss of transparency in the lens of the eye clouds vision. If left untreated, cataracts can lead to blindness. Research has shown that UV radiation increases the likelihood of certain cataracts. In fact, persons who spend more time in the sun may develop cataracts earlier than others.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology now recommends wearing UV sunglasses and a wide brimmed hat to lessen exposure to ultraviolet rays. Corneal sunburn, growths on the outer surface of the eye, retinal-tissue damage, and other eye diseases are also known, or suspected, to be related to long-term exposure to UV rays.
The skin is part of the body's natural defense system. Many healthcare professionals believe that UV radiation can alter immune system functions. When UV radiation suppresses immune responses, the body's ability to fight certain diseases, including skin cancer, is reduced. It is suspected that overexposure to UV radiation also interferes with the effectiveness of immunizations given through the skin.
Studies have shown that sunscreens can prevent UV-induced wrinkling. Animal studies demonstrated that sunscreens with adequate UVA coverage can prevent sagging and wrinkling due to high-intensity UVA.
If you think you're at risk, make an appointment with one of our skin cancer experts at the Stanford Skin Cancer Program. The Stanford Medicine Online Second Opinion program offers you easy access to our world-class doctors. Visit our online second opinion page to learn more. Clinical trials are research studies that evaluate a new medical approach, device, drug, or other treatment. As a Stanford Health Care patient, you may have access to the latest, advanced clinical trials. Open trials refer to studies currently accepting participants.
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Thank you for your patience. View the changes to our visitor policy » View information for Guest Services ». New to MyHealth? Sunglasses are hugely important for protecting your eyes from the possible damage caused by UV light. Xperio Polarised technology offer great protection against UV light and eliminate blinding glare.
Transitions Signature lenses have fast responsive technology. This means only the optimal amount of light reaches your eye, no matter where you are, giving you a comfortable visual experience throughout the day. You can also enhance your lenses with Crizal to reduce your exposure to harmful UV light providing you with optimal UV protection. Photophobia is a sensitivity to light. You may experience a sensitivity to very bright light, such as sunlight, or low light, such as incandescent lighting.
Read more. Your life and eyes 3 min read. Two of the most popular choices when it comes to sun lenses include tinted lenses and polarised lenses. What is UV light?
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